▪ Abstract Most transport proteins in plant cells are energized by electrochemical gradients of
protons across the plasma membrane. The formation of these gradients is due to the action …

▪ Abstract Pollen tubes and root hairs are highly elongated, cylindrically shaped cells whose
polarized growth permits them to explore the environment for the benefit of the entire plant …

In field conditions, plants may experience numerous environmental stresses at any one time.
Research suggests that the plant response to multiple stresses is different from that for …

The decade since the publication of the third edition of this volume has been an era of great
progress in biology in general and the plant sciences in particular. This is especially true …

Pollen tubes grow rapidly by very fast rates and reach extended lengths to bring about
fertilization during plant reproduction. The pollen tube grows exclusively at its tip …

Pollen germination, along with pollen tube growth, is an essential process for the
reproduction of flowering plants. The germinating pollen with tip-growth characteristics …

The beautifully orchestrated regulation of cell shape and volume are central themes in cell
biology and physiology. Though it is less well recognized, cell surface area regulation also …

Calcium is one of the essential nutrients for growth and development of plants. It is an
important component of various structures in cell wall and membranes. Besides some …

Root hairs show highly localized cell expansion focused to their growing tips. This growth
pattern is accomplished through restriction of secretion to the elongating apex and …

Despite much effort, a robust protocol for in vitro germination of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen
has been elusive. Here we show that controlled temperatures, a largely disregarded factor in …