Leptin originates in adipocytes, including those in bone marrow, and circulates in
concentrations 20 to 90 times higher than those in the cerebrospinal fluid. It has direct …

Obesity, which has developed into a global epidemic, is a risk factor in most chronic
diseases and some forms of malignancy. The discovery of leptin in 1994 has opened a new …

Obesity is an alarming disease that favors the upset of other illnesses and enhances
mortality. It is spreading fast worldwide may affect more than 1 billion people by 2030. The …

The prevalence of obesity has continued to rise over the past three decades leading to
significant increases in obesity-related medical care costs from metabolic and non-metabolic …

Obesity is associated with metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance and
hyperinsulinemia, and with disorders such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and …

Estrogen deficiency is the main factor underlying postmenopausal osteoporosis. A large
number of neuropeptides, which regulate skeletal metabolism, potentially represent a …

Background: Maternal diet during pregnancy has been suggested to influence bone health
in later life. Objective: We assessed the association of maternal first-trimester dietary intake …

The brain, which governs most, if not all, physiological functions in the body, from the
complexities of cognition, learning and memory, to the regulation of basal body temperature …

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents are overwhelming problems in western
countries. Adipocytes, far from being only fat deposits, are capable of endocrine functions …

Our understanding of the skeletal system has been expanded upon the recognition of
several neural pathways that serve important roles in bone metabolism and skeletal …