Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of natural killer (NK) cells in immunotherapy
to treat multiple types of cancer. NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that play essential roles …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a progressive lung disease characterized
by sustained neutrophilic airway inflammation, is caused by chronic exposure to noxious …

Despite compelling antitumour activity of antibodies targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-
1): programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint in lung cancer, resistance to …

Pathological inflammation and autoimmune disease frequently involve elevated neutrophil
activity in the absence of infectious agents. Tumor necrosis factor–α (TNF-α) contributes to …

CD8+ CTLs are adept at killing virally infected cells and cancer cells and releasing cytokines
(eg, IFN-γ) to aid this response. However, during cancer and chronic viral infections, such as …

Galectins is a family of non-classically secreted, β-galactoside-binding proteins that has
recently received considerable attention in the spatio-temporal regulation of surface 'signal …

Galectins are animal lectins that bind to β‐galactosides, such as lactose and N‐
acetyllactosamine, in free form or contained in glycoproteins or glycolipids. They are located …

Rationale: Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is increasingly
recognized. Although allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) leads to deterioration …

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by the functional expression defect of the CF transmembrane
conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel at the apical plasma membrane. Impaired …

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is characterized by low levels of circulating alpha-1
antitrypsin and an increased risk for emphysema, liver disease, and panniculitis. The …