The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut
microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is a condition associated not only with …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative
disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). MS is characterized by immune …

The human immune system displays substantial variation between individuals, leading to
differences in susceptibility to autoimmune disease. We present single-cell RNA sequencing …

We report on the influence of~ 22 million variants on 731 immune cell traits in a cohort of
3,757 Sardinians. We detected 122 significant (P< 1.28× 10− 11) independent association …

Noncoding genetic variation is a major driver of phenotypic diversity, but functional
interpretation is challenging. To better understand common genetic variation associated with …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the commonest non‐traumatic disabling disease to affect young
adults. The incidence of MS is increasing worldwide, together with the socioeconomic …

Microglia were first recognized as a distinct cell population in the CNS one century ago. For
a long time, they were primarily considered to be phagocytes responsible for removing …

With the rising prevalence of autoimmune diseases, the role of the environment, specifically
the gut microbiota, in disease development has grown to be a major area of study. Recent …

INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease of the
central nervous system (CNS) that often presents in young adults. Over the past decade …

In the majority of patients multiple sclerosis starts with a relapsing remitting course (RRMS),
which may at later times transform into secondary progressive disease (SPMS). In a minority …