The widespread use of molecular machines in biology has long suggested that great
rewards could come from bridging the gap between synthetic molecular systems and the …

Ultrafast processes in light-absorbing proteins have been implicated in the primary step in
the light-to-energy conversion and the initialization of photoresponsive biological functions …

Photosynthetic carbon (C) fixation by phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean (SO) plays a
critical role in regulating air–sea exchange of carbon dioxide and thus global climate. In the …

The widespread use of controlled molecular‐level motion in key natural processes suggests
that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of …

The kinetics of the primary event in vision have been resolved with the use of femtosecond
optical measurement techniques. The 11-cis retinal prosthetic group of rhodopsin is excited …

▪ Abstract Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is an important mechanism for charge
transfer in a wide variety of systems including biology-and materials-oriented venues. We …

Phototransduction is the process by which absorbed light is converted into an electrical
signal in retinal photoreceptors. The'cyclic GMP cascade'is now widely accepted as the …

Photochromic proteins are very rare in nature as far as the number of different models is
regarded. However, those few proteins play a key role in photosynthesis and visual …

Revised Manuscript Received March 29, 1995® abstract: A photosensing protein directs
light energy captured by its chromophore into a photocycle. The protein's structure must …

A prevalent model for the function of rhodopsin centers on the metarhodopsin I (MI) to
metarhodopsin II (MII) conformational transition as the triggering event for the visual process …