Most nonhuman primates prey on vertebrates. Meat-eating, defined as ingestion of
vertebrate tissue, occurs in 12 families,≥ 39 genera, and≥ 89 species. It is most common in …

The importance of cultural processes to behavioural diversity in our closest living relatives is
central to revealing the evolutionary origins of human culture. However, the bonobo is often …

Human joint action seems special, as it is grounded in joint commitment—a sense of mutual
obligation participants feel towards each other. Comparative research with humans and non …

The social structure of primates has recently been shown to influence the composition of
their microbiomes. What is less clear is how primate microbiomes might in turn influence …

Across various taxa, social tolerance is thought to facilitate cooperation, and many species
are treated as having species-specific patterns of social tolerance. Yet studies that assess …

Hunting and meat-eating behaviors in nonhuman primates, particularly the genus Pan, have
been intensely studied from a range of perspectives in hominin evolution such as the …

When two or more animals use limited amounts of resources, such as food, mates, or
shelter, competition may occur. Individuals may gain access to the same resources when the …

Two modes of positive selection have been recognized: 1) hard sweeps that result in the
rapid fixation of a beneficial allele typically from a de novo mutation and 2) soft sweeps that …

Optimal diet and functional response models are used to understand the evolution of
primate foraging strategies. The predictions of these models can be tested by examining the …

Our closest living relatives are two species in the genus Pan: bonobos and chimpanzees.
Chimpanzees are further divided into four subspecies. While there are a number of …