Biofouling is a critical issue in membrane water and wastewater treatment as it greatly
compromises the efficiency of the treatment processes. It is difficult to control, and significant …

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been actively employed for municipal and industrial
wastewater treatments. So far, membrane fouling and the high cost of membranes are main …

The membrane bioreactor (MBR) can no longer be considered as a novel process. This
reliable and efficient technology has become a legitimate alternative to conventional …

Bacteria in milk have the ability to adhere and aggregate on stainless steel surfaces,
resulting in biofilm formation in milk storage tanks and milk process lines. Growth of biofilms …

Water plays several essential roles in paper manufacturing. It serves as a suspending
medium and a swelling agent for the fibres, dispersing and forming them into a uniform …

We demonstrate the functionalization of thin-film composite membranes with zwitterionic
polymers and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for combating biofouling. Combining hydrophilic …

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has been extensively employed for various
industrial wastewater treatments due to its distinct advantages over conventional …

Fouling mechanisms underlying the filtration behaviors of alginate solution caused by
calcium addition were investigated by Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and …

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is advancing rapidly around the world both in
research and commercial applications. Despite the increasing number of studies and full …

Anaerobic membrane reactors (AnMBRs) have recently evolved from aerobic MBRs, with
the membrane either external or submerged within the reactor, and can achieve high COD …