Forest ecosystems include a great variety of communities of organisms interacting with their
physical environment: multi-aged natural forests, even-aged monocultures, and secondary …

Estimating stem volume and biomass in forests is fundamental to both economic and
ecological assessments of forest ecosystem structure and function. Stem taper models were …

Stem taper data are usually hierarchical (several measurements per tree, and several trees
per plot), making application of a multilevel mixed-effects modelling approach essential …

The accurate estimation of tree volume and biomass are crucial for forest inventories, forest
sales, and carbon stock evaluations. Taper models were widely used and regarded as a …

Stem form is the shape of the trunk, differs among tree species and mainly affected by stand
density factor. Accurate taper equations are crucial for estimating the stem diameter, form …

Development of artificial neural network (ANN) models to estimate stem tapers of individual
trees in mixed Fagus orientalis and Abies nordmanniana subsp. Equi-trojani stands …

Critical forest management decisions are strongly supported by the knowledge of forest
ecosystems and their features. There is a growing trend towards using models to predict the …

Background Volume and taper equations are essential for obtaining estimates of total and
merchantable stem volume. Taper functions provide advantages to merchantable volume …

Accurate quantification of branch volume in trees is important for sustainable forest
management, especially as these fractions are increasingly used for bioenergy, and for …

Airborne laser scanning (ALS) technology is fully implemented in forest resource
assessment processes, providing highly accurate and spatially continuous results …