Anthropogenic warming of the atmosphere is one if not the most pressing challenge we face
in the 21st century. While our state of knowledge on human drivers of atmospheric warming …

Rain gardens have become a widespread stormwater practice in the United States, and their
use is poised to continue expanding as they are an aesthetically pleasing way to improve …

The implementation of grey and green infrastructure is an effective means to address urban
flooding and nonpoint source pollution, but due to the complexity of the process and the …

Bioretention systems (BRS) serve as effective nature-based solutions for addressing
stormwater quality and hydrological challenges posed by rapid urbanization and global …

China recently commenced the Sponge City initiative for the effective management of urban
stormwater runoff. Numerous studies have been carried out to evaluate the cost …

Dry detention basins (DB) are commonly used to reduce the rate of runoff in urban areas
and may provide open space for recreation between storms. However, most are not effective …

Stream temperatures across the world are increasing due to changes in land use and
climate, especially in urban areas. This leads to hydrologic urban heat islands, where higher …

Trout are an important game species that provide a substantial economic impact in Virginia.
Along with other cold-water fish species, trout are extremely susceptible to changes in …

Estuaries are the transition zone between terrestrial watersheds and the coastal ocean.
They are dynamic, heterogeneous ecosystems with high productivity and diversity, and …

Despite the water quality improvements and regulatory advancements over the last 50 years
since the enactment of the Clean Water Act, water bodies within the United States are still …