Microtubules have fundamental roles in many essential biological processes, including cell
division and intracellular transport. They assemble and disassemble from their two ends …

Living systems operate far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Enzymatic activity can induce
broken detailed balance at the molecular scale. This molecular scale breaking of detailed …

This monograph presents a general mathematical theory for biological growth. It provides
both a conceptual and a technical foundation for the understanding and analysis of …

Metastasis is a complex, multistep process responsible for> 90% of cancer-related deaths. In
addition to genetic and external environmental factors, the physical interactions of cancer …

The nucleus is the largest organelle and is commonly depicted in the center of the cell. Yet
during cell division, migration, and differentiation, it frequently moves to an asymmetric …

We review recent advances in laser cell surgery, and investigate the working mechanisms of
femtosecond laser nanoprocessing in biomaterials with oscillator pulses of 80-MHz …

The epidermis is a stratified squamous epithelium forming the barrier that excludes harmful
microbes and retains body fluids. To perform these functions, proliferative basal cells in the …

Asymmetric cell divisions are essential for the development of multicellular organisms. To
proceed, they require an initially symmetric cell to polarize. In Caenorhabditis elegans …

The orientation of the mitotic spindle has been proposed to control cell fate choices, tissue
architecture, and tissue morphogenesis. Here, we review the mechanisms regulating the …

The par genes were discovered in genetic screens for regulators of cytoplasmic partitioning
in the early embryo of C. elegans, and encode six different proteins required for asymmetric …