Taxonomic and functional changes to the composition of the gut microbiome have been
implicated in multiple human diseases. Recent microbiome genome-wide association …

Choline is a water-soluble nutrient essential for human life. Gut microbial metabolism of
choline results in the production of trimethylamine (TMA), which, upon absorption by the host …

Alternative splicing (AS) of protein-coding messenger RNAs is an essential regulatory
mechanism in eukaryotic gene expression that controls the proper function of proteins. It is …

Abstract Interferon-α (IFNα), a type I interferon, is expressed in the islets of type 1 diabetic
individuals, and its expression and signaling are regulated by T1D genetic risk variants and …

Neonatal diabetes is caused by single gene mutations reducing pancreatic β cell number or
impairing β cell function. Understanding the genetic basis of rare diabetes subtypes …

Pancreatic islets control glucose homeostasis by the balanced secretion of insulin and other
hormones, and their abnormal function causes diabetes or hypoglycaemia. Here we …

Cellular senescence is a complex biological process that leads to irreversible cell‐cycle
arrest. Various extrinsic and intrinsic insults are associated with the onset of cellular …

Insulin secretion is a tightly regulated process that is vital for maintaining blood glucose
homeostasis. Although the molecular components of insulin granule trafficking and secretion …

Insulin resistance defines an impairment in the biologic response to insulin action in target
tissues, primarily the liver, muscle, adipose tissue, and brain. Insulin resistance affects …

Leveraging linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns as representative of population substructure
enables the discovery of additive association signals in genome-wide association studies …