Glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) lipids are membrane lipids which were long thought to be synthesized mainly by archaea, organisms thought to be limited to extreme …
Realistic appraisal of paleoclimatic information obtained from a particular location requires accurate knowledge of its paleolatitude defined relative to the Earth's spin-axis. This is …
Palaeoclimate reconstructions of periods with warm climates and high atmospheric CO2 concentrations are crucial for developing better projections of future climate change. Deep …
Cenozoic temperature, sea level and CO2 covariations provide insights into climate sensitivity to external forcings and sea-level sensitivity to climate change. Climate sensitivity …
Abstract The Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) was a climate shift from a largely ice-free greenhouse world to an icehouse climate, involving the first major glaciation of Antarctica …
The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time that Earth's atmospheric CO 2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean …
Dissolved oxygen (O2) is essential for most ocean ecosystems, fuelling organisms' respiration and facilitating the cycling of carbon and nutrients. Oxygen measurements have …
Today, biodiversity decreases from equatorial to polar regions. This is a fundamental pattern governing the distribution of extant organisms, the understanding of which is critical to …
Archaeal membrane lipids are widely used for paleotemperature reconstructions, yet these molecular fossils also bear rich information about ecology and evolution of marine ammonia …