Wind power is a rapidly growing source of energy worldwide. It is crucial for climate change
mitigation, but it also accelerates the degradation of biodiversity through habitat loss and the …

Simple Summary Wind turbines can affect bird populations by causing mortality when birds
collide with turbine blades or displacement when the individuals move permanently to other …

Energy infrastructure is widespread worldwide. Renewable energy technologies, which are
expanding their footprint on the landscape and their contribution to energy availability …

Flight behaviour characteristics such as flight altitude and avoidance behaviour determine
the species‐specific collision risk of birds with wind turbines. However, traditional …

The global potential for wind power generation is vast, and the number of installations is
increasing rapidly. We review case studies from around the world of the effects on raptors of …

The expansion of wind energy poses challenges to policy-and decision-makers to address
conflicts with wildlife. Conflicts are associated with impacts of existing and planned projects …

Previous studies have shown negative associations between wind energy development and
breeding birds, including species of conservation concern. However, the magnitude and …

Wind farms may have two broad potential adverse effects on birds via antagonistic
processes: displacement from the vicinity of turbines (avoidance), or death through collision …

Collision with turbines at wind farms is expected to have a greater impact on birds at
particular sites where high concentrations of individuals occur, such as migration bottleneck …

Wind farms are a clean and efficient source of renewable energy. However, they cause
negative impacts on raptors. Here, we present a review of the existing scientific literature on …