Introduction Scoliosis is a complex spinal deformity whose etiology is still unknown, and its
treatment presents many challenges. Finite element modeling (FEM) is one of the analytical …

Background Computational spine models of various types have been employed to
understand spine function, assess the risk that different activities pose to the spine, and …

Typical FE models of the human lumbar spine consider a single, fixed geometry. Such
models cannot account for potential effects of the natural variability of the spine's geometry …

Schmorl's nodes are the result of herniations of the nucleus pulposus into the adjacent
vertebral body and are commonly identified in both clinical and archaeological contexts. The …

Lumbar ligaments play a key role in stabilizing the spine, particularly assisting muscles at
wide-range movements. Hence, valid ligament force–strain data are required to generate …

Intervertebral disc mechanics are affected by both disc shape and disc degeneration, which
in turn each affect the other; disc mechanics additionally have a role in the etiology of disc …

Study Design. A validated finite element model of an L3–L4 motion segment is used to
analyze the effects of interpersonal differences in geometry on spinal stiffness. Objective …

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is regarded as a multifactorial disease and none of the many
suggested causal etiologies have yet prevailed. I will suggest that adolescent idiopathic …

Data from two experimental studies with eight specimens each of spinal motion segments
and/or intervertebral discs are presented in a form that can be used for comparison with …

Musculo-skeletal modeling could play a key role in advancing our understanding of the
healthy and pathological spine, but the credibility of such models are strictly dependent on …