Optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit, ie, optical superresolution, has been studied
extensively in various contexts. This paper presents an overview of some mathematical …

Digital holography with diffractive phase apertures is a hologram recording technique in
which at least one of the interfering waves is modulated by a phase mask. In this review, we …

Quantitative phase microscopy (QPM), a technique combining phase imaging and
microscopy, enables visualization of the 3D topography in reflective samples, as well as the …

By use of matrix-based techniques it is shown how the space–bandwidth product (SBP) of a
signal, as indicated by the location of the signal energy in the Wigner distribution function …

This book explores ways to improve the classical resolution limits of an imaging system.
Various approaches dealing with exceeding the limita tions of the lens aperture, the pixel's …

As generalization of the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT), the linear canonical transform
(LCT) has been used in several areas, including optics and signal processing. Many …

Many useful relations between the Gabor transform (GT) and the fractional Fourier transform
(FRFT) have been derived. First, we find that, like the Wigner distribution function (WDF), the …

Based on discrete Hermite–Gaussian-like functions, a discrete fractional Fourier transform
(DFRFT), which provides sample approximations of the continuous fractional Fourier …

In this paper, we address the problem of calculating Fresnel diffraction integrals using a
finite number of uniformly spaced samples. General and simple sampling rules of thumb are …

Rigorous propagation methods enable diffraction calculations at high NA. However, for the
case of large propagation distances and full NA calculations of a signal, common solutions …