Background Funding agencies constitute one essential pillar for policy makers, researchers
and health service delivery institutions. Such agencies are increasingly providing support for …

The purpose of this article is to discuss the different types of instruments of innovation policy,
to examine how governments and public agencies in different countries and different times …

Budgeting—ie the decision on the level of expenditures and on the repartition of resources
among organizational subunits—can be conceived as a critical organizational process …

Research on interdisciplinary science has for the most part concentrated on the institutional
obstacles that discourage or hamper interdisciplinary work, with the expectation that …

There is a lack of understanding regarding the optimal conditions for interdisciplinary
research. This study investigates what characteristics of researchers are associated with …

This review explores contributions by science policy studies and the sociology of science to
our understanding of the impact of governance on research content. Contributions are …

Economists examine the genesis of technological change and the ways we commercialize
and diffuse it. The economics of property rights and patents, in addition to industry …

This paper explores institutional and organizational influences on creativity in scientific
research. Using a method for identifying creative scientific research accomplishments in two …

The idea that universities should become entrepreneurial, commercialized, private
commodities or should serve politicians and governmental agencies has been promoted by …

The last decades have seen a fundamental upheaval in the organisation of modern life, and
the university as an institution has been as widely affected by these changes as business …