The intervertebral disc contributes to motion, weight bearing, and flexibility of the spine, but
is susceptible to damage and morphological changes that contribute to pathology with age …

The intervertebral disc is a cartilaginous structure that resembles articular cartilage in its
biochemistry, but morphologically it is clearly different. It shows degenerative and ageing …

The degradation of cartilage in the human body is impacted by aging, disease, genetic
predisposition and continued insults resulting from daily activity. The burden of cartilage …

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a moderately moving joint that is located between the bony
vertebrae and provides flexibility and load transmission throughout the spinal column. The …

Degeneration of the intervertebral disc has been implicated in chronic low back pain. Type II
collagen and proteoglycan (predominantly aggrecan) content is crucial to proper disc …

Today, the application of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and their exosomes to
treat degenerative diseases has received attention. Due to the characteristics of these cells …

An understanding of developmental biology can provide useful insights into how different
tissue-engineered repairs might be designed. During embryogenesis of the intervertebral …

OBJECTIVE: Sheep and goats are commonly used large animal species for studying
pathogenesis and treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). This review focuses on the macroscopic …

Inadequate self-repair and regenerative efficiency of the cartilage tissues has motivated the
researchers to devise advanced and effective strategies to resolve this issue. Introduction of …

Few human tissues have functions as closely linked to the composition of their extracellular
matrices as the intervertebral disc. In fact, the hallmark of intervertebral disc degeneration …