I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

The upper airways play a critical role in the respiratory system by conditioning and clearing
contaminants from the inspired airstream before it accesses the lower respiratory system. 1 …

Allergic rhinitis (AR)—commonly called hay fever—is a widespread condition that affects the
quality of life of millions of people. The pathophysiology of AR remains incompletely …

The pathogenesis of nasal inflammatory diseases is related to various factors such as
anatomical structure, heredity, and environment. The nasal microbiota play a key role in …

Abstract Purpose of Review Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) presents with symptoms of
aural fullness and pressure, muffled hearing, tinnitus, and otalgia. When severe, it can lead …

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common and debilitating inflammatory
condition of the sinuses, afflicting 5% of the general population. Although antibiotics are …

Objective Little is known about temporal changes in nasal bacteria in granulomatosis with
polyangiitis (GPA). This study was undertaken to examine longitudinal changes in the nasal …

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a debilitating condition characterized by long-lasting
inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. It affects a significant portion of the population …

Objectives/Hypothesis Eosinophilic and noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal
polyps (ECRSwNP and NECRSwNP) show distinguished clinical pathology, but their …

Background This study aimed to compare the microbiota of pediatric patients with chronic
rhinosinusitis (CRS) who are undergoing adenoidectomy to treat their disease with that of …