Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the most fatal and debilitating conditions in the
world. Current clinical management in severe TBI patients is mainly concerned with …

The scope and purpose of this work is 2-fold: to synthesize the available evidence and to
translate it into recommendations. This document provides recommendations only when …

Summary Since 1974, the Glasgow Coma Scale has provided a practical method for
bedside assessment of impairment of conscious level, the clinical hallmark of acute brain …

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently managed in the intensive care unit with a
combined medical–surgical approach. Treatment aims to prevent additional brain damage …

Axonal white matter injury is believed to be a major determinant of adverse outcomes
following traumatic brain injury (TBI). We hypothesized that measurement of neurofilament …

Background In order to improve injury assessment of brain injuries, protein markers of
pathophysiological processes and tissue fate have been introduced in the clinic. The most …

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Severe traumatic brain injury remains a major health-care problem worldwide. Although
major progress has been made in understanding of the pathophysiology of this injury, this …

Importance A head computed tomography (CT) with positive results for acute intracranial
hemorrhage is the gold-standard diagnostic biomarker for acute traumatic brain injury (TBI) …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all
societies. In recent years, patterns of injury have been changing, with more injuries …