Exoplanetary science is on the verge of an unprecedented revolution. The thousands of
exoplanets discovered over the past decade have most recently been supplemented by …

In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

We describe how environmental context can help determine whether oxygen (O2) detected
in extrasolar planetary observations is more likely to have a biological source. Here we …

Chemical disequilibrium in planetary atmospheres has been proposed as a generalized
method for detecting life on exoplanets through remote spectroscopy. Among solar system …

Oxygenic photosynthesis is Earth's dominant metabolism, having evolved to harvest the
largest expected energy source at the surface of most terrestrial habitable zone planets …

Proxima Centauri b provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution and
nature of terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs. Although Proxima Cen b orbits within its star's …

Abstract Space-based high-contrast imaging mission concepts for studying rocky exoplanets
in reflected light are currently under community study. We develop an inverse modeling …

Abstract The Wide Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) is the next NASA
astrophysics flagship mission, to follow the James Webb Space Telescope. The WFIRST …

Hazes are common in known planetary atmospheres, and geochemical evidence suggests
that early Earth occasionally supported an organic haze with significant environmental and …

One of the most significant advances by NASA's Kepler Mission was the discovery of an
abundant new population of highly irradiated planets with sizes between those of the Earth …