Sialic acids are cytoprotectors, mainly localized on the surface of cell membranes with
multiple and outstanding cell biological functions. The history of their structural analysis …

Many important interactions between bacterial pathogens and their hosts are highly specific
binding events that involve host or pathogen carbohydrate structures (glycans). Glycan …

Zoonomia is the largest comparative genomics resource for mammals produced to date. By
aligning genomes for 240 species, we identify bases that, when mutated, are likely to affect …

Genetic engineering of allogeneic cell therapeutics that fully prevents rejection by a
recipient's immune system would abolish the requirement for immunosuppressive drugs or …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) from the H5N1 2.3. 4.4 b clade are circulating in dairy farms in the
USA.; ruminants were presumed not to be hosts for IAVs. Previously, IAV-positive …

Enveloped viruses are glycosylated, meaning that their envelope proteins are post-
translationally modified by the addition of glycans. Some glycosyltransferases that contribute …

Sialic acids are a group of nine-carbon α-keto acids. Sialic acid exists in more than 50 forms,
with the natural types discovered as N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), deaminoneuraminic …

The description of “serum sickness” more than a century ago in humans transfused with
animal sera eventually led to identification of a class of human antibodies directed against …

Secondary bacterial infections enhance the disease burden of influenza infections
substantially. Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) plays a major role in the …

The glycocalyx of human cells differs from that of many other mammals by the lack of the
sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and increased abundance of its precursor N …