All organisms growing beyond the oxygen diffusion limit critically depend on a functional
vasculature for survival. Yet blood vessels are far more than passive, uniform conduits for …

Forming the inner layer of the vascular system, endothelial cells (ECs) facilitate a multitude
of crucial physiological processes throughout the body. Vascular ECs enable the vessel wall …

The kidney maintains electrolyte, water, and acid-base balance, eliminates foreign and
waste compounds, regulates blood pressure, and secretes hormones. There are at least 16 …

Abstract The Human Reference Atlas (HRA) aims to map all of the cells of the human body
to advance biomedical research and clinical practice. This Perspective presents …

Despite the steady increase in the number of studies focusing on the development of tissue
engineered constructs, the solutions delivered to the clinic are still limited. In particular, the …

Complex multicellular life in mammals relies on functional cooperation of different organs for
the survival of the whole organism. The kidneys play a critical part in this process through …

Exercise is a powerful driver of physiological angiogenesis during adulthood, but the
mechanisms of exercise-induced vascular expansion are poorly understood. We explored …

Microvascular endothelial cells in the kidney have been a neglected cell type in sepsis-
induced acute kidney injury (sepsis-AKI) research; yet, they offer tremendous potential as …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by pathological accumulation of extracellular
matrix (ECM) proteins in renal structures. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is observed in glomerular …

Adult organs are vascularized by specialized blood vessels. In addition to inter-organ
vascular heterogeneity, each organ is arborized by structurally and functionally diversified …