Streams and rivers can substantially modify organic carbon (OC) inputs from terrestrial
landscapes, and much of this processing is the result of microbial respiration. While carbon …

Understanding the dynamics of methane (CH 4) emissions is of paramount importance
because CH 4 has 25 times the global warming potential of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and is …

Wetlands are the largest natural source of atmospheric methane. Here, we assess controls
on methane flux using a database of approximately 19 000 instantaneous measurements …

Humic substances (HS), a highly transformed part of non-living natural organic matter
(NOM), comprise up to 70% of the soil organic matter (SOM), 50–80% of dissolved organic …

Peatlands cover only 3% of the Earth's land surface but boreal and subarctic peatlands store
about 15–30% of the world's soil carbon (C) as peat. Despite their potential for large positive …

Carbon release due to permafrost thaw represents a potentially major positive climate
change feedback. The magnitude of carbon loss and the proportion lost as methane (CH4) …

Microbial ecology is the study of interactions among microbes in natural environments and
their roles in biogeochemical cycles, food web dynamics, and the evolution of life. Microbes …

Freshwater wetlands are a major source of the greenhouse gas methane but at the same
time can function as carbon sink. Their response to global warming and environmental …

Methane (CH4) production varies greatly among different types of peatlands along an
ombrotrophic–minerotrophic hydrogeomorphic gradient. pH is thought to be a dominant …

To improve our understanding of the carbon cycling response to imminent sea-level rise and
saltwater intrusions, we review the existing literature on the likely effects of the increasing …