At the base of axons sits a unique compartment called the axon initial segment (AIS). The
AIS generates and shapes the action potential before it is propagated along the axon …

The mechanistic operation of brain regions is often interpreted by partitioning constituent
neurons into 'cell types'. Historically, such cell types were broadly defined by their …

The mammalian forebrain is constructed from ensembles of neurons that form local
microcircuits giving rise to the exquisite cognitive tasks the mammalian brain can perform …

Neocortical GABAergic interneurons have a profound impact on cortical circuitry and its
information processing capacity. Distinct subgroups of inhibitory interneurons can be …

Half a century since their discovery by Llinás and colleagues, dendritic spikes have been
observed in various neurons in different brain regions, from the neocortex and cerebellum to …

Pyramidal neurons are the most common cell type and are considered the main output
neuron in most mammalian forebrain structures. In terms of function, differences in the …

Long known to be important for memory, the hippocampus has been a prime focus for
neuroscience research for years. This second edition of The Hippocampus Book highlights …

Although hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons (PNs) were thought to comprise a uniform
population, recent evidence supports two distinct sublayers along the radial axis, with deep …

Scientific models are abstractions that aim to explain natural phenomena. A successful
model shows how a complex phenomenon arises from relatively simple principles while …

The axon initial segment (AIS) is a structure at the start of the axon with a high density of
sodium and potassium channels that defines the site of action potential generation. It has …