Accurately reconstructing a three-dimensional (3D) ocean sound speed field (SSF) is
essential for various ocean acoustic applications, but the sparsity and uncertainty of sound …

Uncertainties abound in sound speed profiles (SSPs) measured/estimated by modern ocean
observing systems, which impede the knowledge acquisition and downstream underwater …

The last decade has seen increased interest in environmental sound classification (ESC)
due to the increased complexity and rich information of ambient sounds. The state-of-the-art …

Ocean sound speed field (SSF) representation is often plagued with low resolution (ie, the
capability of explaining fine-scale fluctuations). This drawback, however, is inherent in a …

Abstract The three-dimensional (3-D) sound speed structure of the ocean is a fundamental
environmental element in studying underwater sound propagation modeling and …

Ocean mesoscale eddies have an important role in the ocean and affect the underwater
sound speed field (SSF). Many physical models have been proposed for mesoscale eddy …

Given that spatiotemporal measurement of the subsurface profile over a wide range are
difficult to obtain, surface observations from satellites are often used to estimate the sound …

Introduction In underwater acoustic applications, the three-dimensional sound speed
distribution has a significant impact on signal propagation. However, the traditional sound …

The remote sensing-based inversion of sound speed profile (SSP) enables the acquisition of
high-spatial-resolution SSP without in situ measurements. The spatial division of the …

Reconstructing a three-dimensional ocean sound speed field (SSF) from limited and noisy
measurements presents an ill-posed and challenging inverse problem. Existing methods …