Since the first cases of AIDS appeared in 1981, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-
1) infection has reached pandemic proportions. Forty years later, research has led to the …

Metabolic adaptation to viral infections critically determines the course and manifestations of
disease. At the systemic level, a significant feature of viral infection and inflammation that …

Importance Recent advances in treatment and prevention of HIV warrant updated
recommendations to guide optimal practice. Objective Based on a critical evaluation of new …

Early in the HIV epidemic, lipodystrophy, characterized by subcutaneous fat loss
(lipoatrophy), with or without central fat accumulation (lipohypertrophy), was recognized as a …

Antiretroviral Therapy and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in People Living with HIV | New
England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content The New England Journal of Medicine …

Background Integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)–based combination antiretroviral
therapy (cART) is associated with greater weight gain among persons with human …

Numerous studies have detected a greater likelihood of excess weight gain with specific
antiretrovirals (ARVs), particularly tenofovir alafenamide and integrase inhibitors, as …

Objective: To evaluate the long-term risks of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and
cardiovascular disease (CVD) secondary to weight gain and clinical obesity associated with …

Rapid advances in the potency, safety, and availability of modern HIV antiretroviral therapy
(ART) have yielded a near-normal life expectancy for most people living with HIV (PLWH) …

Abstract Purpose of Review With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), the
life span of persons with HIV (PWH) has been nearly normalized. With aging, prevalence of …