For developing solar–thermal facades, new efficient flat plate solar thermal collectors are
required, fulfilling the prerequisites of efficiency and architectural acceptance, with new …

A total of five different types of photovoltaic (PV) modules were comparatively analyzed in
terms of electrical output, efficiency, and relative efficiency losses, based on infield data …

A solution to increase the electrical output of the photovoltaic systems relies on solar
tracking mechanisms that increase the amount of received solar energy. The experimental …

Positioning a photovoltaic (PV) array in the optimal orientation increases the collection of
solar radiation and the production of electricity. Many methods for determining the optimal tilt …

International trade of goods largely uses maritime/transoceanic ships driven by engines
using fossil fuels. This two centuries tradition is technologically mature but significantly adds …

The built environment is one the major contributors to the global increase of greenhouse
gases emissions, thus novel solutions supporting sustainability are developed, considering …

Abstract The transition towards Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) requires renewable
energy systems to cover the thermal energy need. These have to cover the demand for …

Due to both reduction and insufficient of fossil fuel to supply current growing energy needs,
investigation and employing of renewable resources has been accelerated. Besides, using …

A large variety of methods and techniques are nowadays used to protect the flat plate solar-
thermal collectors against overheating occurring during stagnation periods. The overheating …

This paper presents a comparative study of the share of direct solar radiation received by flat
solar converters (photovoltaic modules, solar thermal collectors) using four tracking systems …