A novel actuating material, which is lightweight, soft, and capable of generating large
flapping motion under electrical stimuli, is highly desirable to build energy-efficient and …

Smart polymeric and gel actuators change shape or size in response to stimuli like
electricity, heat, or light. These smart polymeric-and gel-based actuators are compliant and …

Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) are electroactive polymers expected to be used as
soft actuators in various practical areas like robotics, biomedicine and micro manipulation …

Smart systems adapt to the surrounding environments in a number of ways. They are
capable to scavenge energy from available sources, sense and elaborate external stimuli …

A variety of microrobots have commonly been used in the fields of biomedical engineering
and underwater operations during the last few years. Thanks to their compact structure, low …

The effect of gold electrode thickness (10, 27, 45, 67 and 80 nm) on the electromechanical
performance of Nafion-based Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) actuators was …

In this study, the tip displacement, proton conductivity, current density, water uptake and ion
exchange capacity of kraton non-perfluorinated IPMCs are examined and the results are …

An ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuator is an electro-active polymer (EAP) that
bends in response to a small applied electrical field as a result of mobility of cations in the …

Micropumps have gained a great potential to be applied as biomedical devices and micro
systems. Because of low driven voltage, flexible operation, and self sensing ability, the ionic …

The aim of this paper is to develop a novel robust variable sampling period controller
(RVSPC) for networked control systems (NCSs) in the presence of random time delays and …