Background Ontologies are widely used across biology and biomedicine for the annotation
of databases. Ontology development is often a manual, time-consuming, and expensive …

Background One important type of information contained in biomedical research literature is
the newly discovered relationships between phenotypes and genotypes. Because of the …

As a significant determinant in the development of named entity recognition, phenotypic
descriptions are normally presented differently in biomedical literature with the use of …

The identification of phenotype descriptions in the scientific literature, case reports and
patient records is a rewarding task for bio-medical text mining. Any progress will support …

Toward knowledge support for analysis and interpretation of complex traits | Genome Biology
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In contrast to\conscious", reasoned behaviors, we consider behaviors that are automatic and
unreasoned to be\unconscious". The latter are commonly found in behavior-based AI …

In molecular biology, phenotypes are often described using complex semantics and diverse
biomedical expressions, thereby facilitating the development of named entity recognition …

Building a labeled corpus which contains sufficient data and good coverage along with
solving the problems of cost, effort and time is a popular research topic in natural language …

Relation Extraction (RE) is one of the most fundamental task of Natural Language
Processing (NLP) and Information Extraction (IE). To extract the relationship between two …

During the last decade biomedicine has developed at a tremendous pace. Every day a lot of
biomedical papers are published and a large amount of new information is produced. To …