Environmental exposures including toxins and nutrition may hamper the developing brain in
utero, limiting the brain's reserve capacity and increasing the risk for Alzheimer's disease …

Abstract Purpose of Review Perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIV) can confer
neurodevelopmental risk. As children with PHIV increasingly survive through adolescence …

Introduction: There is a growing population of children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected
(HEU) with the successful expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use in pregnancy …

Introduction The population of 16 million children exposed to HIV and uninfected (CHEU)
under 15 years of age continues to expand rapidly, and the estimated prevalence of CHEU …

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an indispensable tool for investigating brain
development in young children and the neurobiological mechanisms underlying …

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate how human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
affects brain development in adolescents, what are susceptible brain regions, and how …

Pediatric neuroimaging is a quickly developing field that still faces important methodological
challenges. Pediatric images usually have more motion artifact than adult images. The …

Perinatally acquired HIV infection (PHIV) currently affects approximately 1.7 million children
worldwide. Youth with PHIV (YPHIV) are at increased risk for emotional and behavioral …

Objective We aim to give an overview of the available evidence on brain structure and
function in PHIV-infected patients (PHIV+) using long-term combination antiretroviral therapy …

Rapid maturation of major white matter pathways occurs in the first 2 years of life, indicating
a critical neuronal developmental period. The impact of initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) …