Chronic pain is maintained in part by central sensitization, a phenomenon of synaptic
plasticity, and increased neuronal responsiveness in central pain pathways after painful …

Interactions between central glial cells and neurons in the pain circuitry are critical
contributors to the pathogenesis of chronic pain. In the central nervous system (CNS), two …

Fibromyalgia is a disorder that is part of a spectrum of syndromes that lack precise
classification. It is often considered as part of the global overview of functional somatic …

Low cortisol levels have been observed in patients with different stress-related disorders
such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Data …

OBJECTIVE: Previous theories have emphasized the role of excessive glucocorticoid activity
in the pathology of chronic stress. Nevertheless, insufficient glucocorticoid signaling …

BACKGROUND Many clinicians and patients believe that endometriosis-associated pain is
due to the lesions. Yet causality remains an enigma, because pain symptoms attributed to …

Insulin resistance is increasingly recognized as a chronic, low-level, inflammatory state.
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin action were initially proposed as the common preceding …

Chronic pain and depressive illness are debilitating disease states that are variably resistant
to currently available therapeutic agents. Animal models of chronic pain are associated with …

There is increasing evidence that systemic inflammation and insulin resistance constitute
interrelated events that contribute to atherosclerosis. We studied the effect of the association …

[Frontiers in Bioscience 14, 5291-5338, June 1, 2009] 5291 Neurobiology of depression,
fibromyalgia and neuropathic pain Vladimi Page 1 [Frontiers in Bioscience 14, 5291-5338, June …