Animal behaviour can lead to varying levels of risk, and an individual's physical condition
can alter the potential costs and benefits of undertaking risky behaviours. How risk‐taking …

Studies of fish behaviour have demonstrated the existence of social interactions that result in
dominance hierarchies. In environments in which resources, such as food, shelter and …

By using newly hatched (approximately 2 weeks old) brown trout (Salmo trutta) from six
families of wild and six families of sea-ranched origin (seventh generation), we tested the …

Artificial culture may relax the selective pressures from predators, thereby altering
behavioural and heart rate responses to predation risk. Culture may also impose new …

Welfare of farmed fish has become of increasing concern for consumers, producers, interest
groups and authorities. To improve fish welfare, it is necessary to find indicators that can …

The ability of an animal to perform a task successfully is limited by the amount of attention
being simultaneously focused on other activities. One way in which individuals might reduce …

We subjected fish from regions of high and low levels of predation pressure in four
independent streams to a mild stressor and recorded their opercular beat rates. Fish from …

Individual animals of the same species inhabiting environments which differ in the frequency
and magnitude of stressors often exhibit different physiological and behavioral responses to …

Using Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr as study species, recent findings are summarized on
how (1) diurnal variations in water temperature affects standard metabolic rate,(2) shelter …

Investigating real-time stress responses during common aquaculture practices is necessary
for improving the welfare of farmed fish. Recently, Star-Oddi DST milli-HRT bio-loggers …