The Sun and other stars are magnetic: magnetism pervades their interiors and affects their
evolution in a variety of ways. In the Sun, both the fields themselves and their influence on …

The brightness of the Sun varies on all timescales on which it has been observed, and there
is increasing evidence that this has an influence on climate. The amplitudes of such …

Context. The variable Sun is the most likely candidate for the natural forcing of past climate
changes on time scales of 50 to 1000 years. Evidence for this understanding is that the …

The lack of long and reliable time series of solar spectral irradiance (SSI) measurements
makes an accurate quantification of solar contributions to recent climate change difficult …

Understanding changes in the solar flux over geologic time is vital for understanding the
evolution of planetary atmospheres because it affects atmospheric escape and chemistry, as …

The Sun is the main energy source to Earth, and understanding its variability is of direct
relevance to climate studies. Measurements of total solar irradiance (TSI) exist since 1978 …

Aims. Although the time of the Maunder minimum (1645–1715) is widely known as a period
of extremely low solar activity, it is still being debated whether solar activity during that …

Context. Total and spectral solar irradiance are key parameters in the assessment of solar
influence on changes in the Earth's climate. Aims. We present a reconstruction of daily solar …

Characterizing the UV spectral energy distribution (SED) of an exoplanet host star is
critically important for assessing its planet's potential habitability, particularly for M dwarfs, as …

Solar outputs during the current solar minimum are setting record low values for the space
age. Evidence is here reviewed that this is part of a decline in solar activity from a grand …