Most countries around the world have experienced water scarcity in recent decades as fresh
water consumption has increased. However, untreated wastewater is routinely discharged …

The scarcity of freshwater has emerged as one of the most pressing problems of the 21st
century. This problem could be addressed partially by collection, treatment and reuse of …

The constructed wetland (CW) performance depends on constructed wetland, bed media,
and vegetation variations. This study represents a descriptive review of wastewater methods …

Wastewater produced during the batik production process contains toxic and difficult to
decompose chemicals which can cause an increase in power of hydrogen (pH), biological …

The treatment of municipal wastewater can be problematic in the remote cold climate
environment of the Canadian Arctic, because of a variety of operational, financial, and …

Constructed wetlands (CW) have recently emerged as efficient technology for secondary
treatment of wastewater in developing countries because of its low cost, ease operation …

Water quality downstream of a hydroelectric dam is potentially affected by dam operations
and other land uses in the river basin. Previous short‐distance studies below the large …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the water quality parameters resulting on:
First, the flow direction in biofilters (ascending or descending), second, constructed wetland …

This study evaluates the performance of tropical subsurface vertical flow constructed
wetlands (VFCW) having indigenous plants as decentralized ecological treatment systems …

The objective of present research was to describe the performance of wastewater garden
(WWG) of Temacine through physico-chemical analysis for the removal of organic matter …