Abstract Application layer Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have empowered
conventional flooding based DDoS with more subtle attacking methods that pose an ever …

Numerous techniques have been developed in order to prevent attacks on web servers.
Anomaly detection techniques are based on models of normal user and application …

Hidden semi-Markov models (HSMMs) are among the most important models in the area of
artificial intelligence/machine learning. Since the first HSMM was introduced in 1980 for …

The growth of web technology has brought convenience to our life, since it has become the
most important communication channel. However, now this merit is threatened by …

With the rapid development of the Internet and the continuous progress of computer science
and technology, Internet-based online trading has developed rapidly and improved the …

Numerous techniques have been developed in order to prevent attacks on web servers.
Anomaly detection techniques are based on models of normal user and application …

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks targeting the application layer are becoming
more prevalent due to a lack of suitable defence solutions. Existing research treats the web …

Application layer distributed denial of service (App-DDoS) attacks has posed a great threat
to the security of the Internet. Since these attacks occur in the application layer, they can …

Nowadays, the most distinct threat to the web applications is HTTP-based Denial of Service
(DoS) and Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack, which it causes a massive damage …

Anomaly or outlier detection problems are of considerable importance, arising frequently in
diverse real-world applications such as finance and cyber-security. Several algorithms have …