The world had been anticipating another influenza pandemic since the last one in 1968. The
pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 virus (A/2009/H1N1) finally arrived, causing the first …

Observational data suggest that the treatment of influenza infection with neuraminidase
inhibitors decreases progression to more severe illness, especially when treatment is started …

Severe influenza disease strikes otherwise healthy children and remains unexplained. We
report compound heterozygous null mutations in IRF7, which encodes the transcription …

Influenza A virus (IAV)‐induced severe disease is characterized by infected lung epithelia,
robust inflammatory responses and acute lung injury. Since type I interferon (IFN αβ) and …

Statins not only reduce levels of LDL-cholesterol, they counteract the inflammatory changes
associated with acute coronary syndrome and improve survival. Similarly, in patients …

A severe inflammatory immune response with hypercytokinemia occurs in patients
hospitalized with severe influenza, such as avian influenza A (H5N1), A (H7N9), and …

Background Studying cytokine/chemokine responses in severe influenza infections caused
by different virus subtypes may improve understanding on pathogenesis. Methods Adults …

Sterilising immunity that blocks infection for life, and thus prevents illness after infection, is
the ultimate goal for vaccines. Neither influenza infection nor vaccination provide sterilising …

Highlights•Memory influenza-specific CD8+ T cells drive rapid recovery from influenza
disease.•CD8+ T cell memory pools cross-react with distinct influenza strains.•Universal T …

Although intestinal flora are crucial in maintaining immune homeostasis of the intestine, the
role of intestinal flora in immune responses at other mucosal surfaces remains less clear …