Neuropeptides are a diverse class of neuronal signalling molecules that regulate
physiological processes and behaviour in animals. However, determining the relationships …

CB1-and CB2-type cannabinoid receptors mediate effects of the endocannabinoids 2-
arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and anandamide in mammals. In canonical endocannabinoid …

Apart from sharing common ancestry with chordates, sea cucumbers exhibit a unique
morphology and exceptional regenerative capacity. Here we present the complete genome …

Background Planktonic ciliated larvae are characteristic for the life cycle of marine
invertebrates. Their most prominent feature is the apical organ harboring sensory cells and …

Identifying the molecular fingerprint of organismal cell types is key for understanding their
function and evolution. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to survey the …

Embryos of the echinoderms, especially those of sea urchins and sea stars, have been
studied as model organisms for over 100 years. The simplicity of their early development …

Neuropeptides are evolutionarily ancient mediators of neuronal signalling in nervous
systems. With recent advances in genomics/transcriptomics, an increasingly wide range of …

Numerous neuropeptide systems have been implicated to coordinately control energy
homeostasis, both centrally and peripherally. However, the vertebrate neuropeptide Y (NPY) …

Simple Summary The pollution of air, soil, and sea has grown in recent decades at the same
pace as human development. Climate changes add further damage to the ecosystems …

Apical organs are relatively simple larval nervous systems. The extent to which apical
organs are evolutionarily related to the more complex nervous systems of other animals …