COPD is a heterogeneous disorder that shows diverse clinical presentations (phenotypes
and “treatable traits”) and biological mechanisms (endotypes). This heterogeneity implies …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common and heterogeneous respiratory
disease, is characterized by persistent and incompletely reversible airflow limitation …

Current diagnosis methods for Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) in feedlots have a low
diagnostic accuracy. The current study aimed to search for blood biomarkers of BRD using …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and
metabolomics plays a hub role in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) …

Recently, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR)-based metabolomics analysis
and multivariate statistical techniques have been incorporated into a multidisciplinary …

The two common progressive lung diseases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD), are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Asthma …

The clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly
heterogeneous. Attempts have been made to define subpopulations of patients who share …

Introduction Asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap, termed as
ACO, is a complex heterogeneous disease without any clear diagnostic or therapeutic …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common heterogeneous respiratory
disease characterized by persistent and incompletely reversible airflow limitation. Due to the …

Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) is a group of airway diseases, previously known
as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The heterogeneity of COLD does not allow early …