Prostanoids are the cyclooxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid and include
prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGE2, PGF2α, PGI2, and thromboxne A2. They are synthesized and …

Abstract Turnbull, Andrew V., and Catherine L. Rivier. Regulation of the Hypothalamic-
Pituitary-Adrenal Axis by Cytokines: Actions and Mechanisms of Action. Physiol. Rev. 79: 1 …

1. The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) 574 1.1. Control of glucocorticoid levels
during stress 577 1.2. The diurnal rhythm of HPA activity 579 2. Roles of corticotropin …

Intravenous administration of interleukin-1 (IL-1) activates central autonomic neuronal
circuitries originating in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). The mechanism (s) by which …

The observation that administration of interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) to animals activates the
hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenocortical (HPA) axis stimulated great interest in the significance …

Abstract Systemic interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) activates the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA)
axis, an effect exerted through increased synthesis and secretion of corticotropin‐releasing …

Maintenance of homeostasis during infection and injury requires stimulation of the immune
system, elimination of microorganisms, self protection of the host against toxic inflammatory …

Induced prostanoid synthesis by cells associated with the cerebral vasculature has been
implicated in mediating immune system influences on the CNS, but the cell type (s) involved …

Stress is a state of physiological or psychological strain caused by adverse stimuli;
responses to stress include activation of the sympathetic nervous system, glucocorticoid …

The activation of neurosecretory neurons that express corticotropin‐releasing hormone
(CRH) in response to increased circulating levels of interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) depends on …