In contrast to the primary metabolism, responsible for essential synthesis mechanisms and
mass balance in plants, the secondary metabolism is not of particular importance for each …

Light-emitting diode (LED) lights have recently been applied in controlled environment
agriculture toward growing vegetables of various assortments, including microgreens …

Indoor plant cultivation can result in significantly improved resource use efficiency (surface,
water, and nutrients) as compared to traditional growing systems, but illumination costs are …

Indoor plant cultivation systems are gaining increasing popularity because of their ability to
meet the needs of producing food in unfavourable climatic contexts and in urban …

In recent years, a new urban environment in the large metropolitan areas, the so-called
“megacities”, has emerged. It is estimated that more than five billion people will be located in …

Vertical farming is becoming increasingly popular for production of leafy vegetables and
herbs, with basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) as one of the most popular herbs. In basil most …

CONTEXT Controlled environment agriculture (CEA), as vertical farms or plant factories, is a
promising technology to intensify food production in an ecologically friendly manner. CEA's …

The integration of the photovoltaic (PV) energy in the greenhouse farm has raised concerns
on the agricultural sustainability of this specific agrosystem in terms of crop planning and …

In order to obtain high-quality lettuce seedlings, effects of photosynthetic photon flux density
(PPFD), photoperiod and light quality at seedling stage on growth and quality of hydroponic …

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a popular crop worldwide among farmers; it is relatively easy
to grow and is well adapted to hydroponic and Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) …