Mast cells are hematopoietic cells that reside in virtually all vascularized tissues and that
represent potential sources of a wide variety of biologically active secreted products …

Mast cells are immune cells of the haematopoietic lineage that are now thought to have
multifaceted functions during homeostasis and in various disease states. Furthermore, while …

The gastrointestinal (GI) barrier serves a critical role in survival and overall health of animals
and humans. Several layers of barrier defense mechanisms are provided by the epithelial …

Mast cells have existed long before the development of adaptive immunity, although they
have been given different names. Thus, in the marine urochordate Styela plicata, they have …

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent, lead to considerable patient morbidity,
incur large financial costs to health-care systems and are one of the most common reasons …

The urinary tract is constantly exposed to microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal
tract, but generally the urinary tract resists infection by gut microorganisms. This resistance …

Mast cells (MCs) play critical roles in Th2 immune responses, including the defense against
parasitic infections and the initiation of type I allergic reactions. In addition, MCs are involved …

The bladder is continuously protected by passive defences such as a mucus layer,
antimicrobial peptides and secretory immunoglobulins; however, these defences are …

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common bacterial infections, with roughly
eleven‐million cases reported in the US each year that cost an estimated $5 billion annually …

The pathophysiological roles of mast cells are still not fully understood, over 140 years since
their description by Paul Ehrlich in 1878. Initial studies have attempted to identify distinct …