That the human species exhibits sexual dimorphism in size, shape, and be-havior is an
obvious conclusion from anyone's simple participation in society. It is common knowledge …

There are several characteristics that set our species apart from other mammals. We are the
only living or extant mammal that habitually walks on two legs. For our body size, we have …

The postcranial skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis from the Hadar Formation, Ethiopia,
and the footprints from the Laetoli Beds of northern Tanzania, are analyzed with the goal of …

Hominids—both living and past—exhibit considerable variation in body size and shape.
Both theoretical considerations and empirical observations indicate that some of this …

Referential models based on extant African apes have dominated reconstructions of early
human evolution since Darwin's time. These models visualize fundamental human …

Remains of an early hominid have been recovered from four localities in the Lukeino
Formation, Tugen Hills, Kenya, in sediments aged ca 6 Ma. 13 fossils are known, belonging …

The lack of an adequate hominid fossil record in eastern Africa between 2 and 3 million
years ago (Ma) has hampered investigations of early hominid phylogeny. Discovery of 2.5 …

Abstract The Plio-Pleistocene site of Dmanisi, Georgia, has yielded a rich fossil and
archaeological record documenting an early presence of the genus Homo outside Africa …

All current standardized methods of age determination using the os pubis were tested by
blind assessment of a skeletal sample with documented ages (from the Todd collection; N …

The human fossil record is one of the most complete for any mammal. A basal ancestral
species, Australopithecus afarensis, exhibits a well-preserved postcranium that permits …