Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterised by acute hypoxaemic
respiratory failure with bilateral infiltrates on chest imaging, which is not fully explained by …

The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 continues to spread worldwide, with
devastating consequences. While the medical community has gained insight into the …

The aim of these guidelines is to update the 2017 clinical practice guideline (CPG) of the
European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM). The scope of this CPG is limited to …

Background The efficacy of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists in critically ill patients with
coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. Methods We evaluated tocilizumab and …

The description of a so-called cytokine storm in patients with COVID-19 has prompted
consideration of anti-cytokine therapies, particularly interleukin-6 antagonists. However …

Recent studies have provided insights into the pathology of and immune response to COVID-
19,,,,,,–. However, a thorough investigation of the interplay between infected cells and the …

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2) poses an unprecedented challenge to humanity. SARS-CoV-2 infections …

Background The efficacy of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists in critically ill patients with
coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is unclear. Methods We evaluated tocilizumab and …

Circulating concentrations of the pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known to be
increased in pro-inflammatory critical care syndromes, such as sepsis and acute respiratory …

Rationale: Two distinct subphenotypes have been identified in acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), but the presence of subgroups in ARDS associated with coronavirus …