The pneumococcus is the classic Gram-positive extracellular pathogen. The medical burden
of diseases it causes is amongst the greatest in the world. Intense study for more than 100 …

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathobiont possessing a diverse array of
multifunctional proteins essential for bacterial fitness and virulence. Gene expression is …

Small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) play important roles in gene regulation in both prokaryotes
and eukaryotes. Thus far, no sRNA has been assigned a definitive role in virulence in the …

Asymptomatic colonization of the nasopharynx by Streptococcus pneumoniae precedes
pneumococcal disease, yet pneumococcal colonization factors remain poorly understood …

The two‐component regulatory system CiaRH of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been
implicated in β‐lactam resistance, maintenance of cell integrity, competence and virulence …

Mycobacterium abscessus, a non-tuberculous rapidly growing mycobacterium, is
recognized as an emerging human pathogen causing a variety of infections ranging from …

Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus; GBS) is a colonizer of the gastrointestinal
and urogenital tracts, and an opportunistic pathogen of infants and adults. The worldwide …

Summary Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important cause of invasive infections in
humans. The pathogen encodes a number of virulence factors including the pluripotent β …

Summary spxB‐encoded pyruvate oxidase is a major virulence factor of Streptococcus
pneumoniae. During aerobic growth, SpxB synthesizes H2O2 and acetyl phosphate, which …

Two-component regulatory systems (TCS) are among the most widespread mechanisms
that bacteria use to sense and respond to environmental changes. In the human pathogen …