Iron is an essential micronutrient for virtually all living cells. In infectious diseases, both
invading pathogens and mammalian cells including those of the immune system require iron …

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is
released by various cell types and is an attractive biomarker of inflammation, ischemia …

Anemia of inflammation (AI) is a highly prevalent comorbidity in patients affected by chronic
inflammatory disorders, such as chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or …

The essential trace element iron regulates a wide range of biological processes in virtually
all living organisms. Because both iron deficiency and iron overload can lead to various …

Chronic (neuro) inflammation plays an important role in many age-related central nervous
system (CNS) diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and vascular …

Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2), an innate immune protein, has emerged as a critical iron regulatory
protein during physiological and inflammatory conditions. As a bacteriostatic factor, Lcn2 …

Over the past year, and for the first time ever, the US Food and Drug Administration
approved 2 drugs specifically for the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). As the lupus …

The lipocalin (LCN) family members, a group of small extracellular proteins with 160-180
amino acids in length, can be detected in all kingdoms of life from bacteria to human beings …

Background Beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) is a bovine lipocalin in milk with an innate defense
function. The circumstances under which BLG is associated with tolerance of or allergy to …

Compared with the traditional forms of cell death—apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy,
ferroptosis is a novel form of iron-dependent programmed cell death forms which is different …