Every cell must solve the problem of how to fold its genome. We describe how the folded
state of chromosomes is the result of the combined activity of multiple conserved …

TAD boundaries are genomic elements that separate biological processes in neighboring
domains by blocking DNA loops that are formed through Cohesin‐mediated loop extrusion …

Enhancers are key drivers of gene regulation thought to act via 3D physical interactions with
the promoters of their target genes. However, genome-wide depletions of architectural …

Topologically associating domain (TAD) boundaries are the flanking edges of TADs, also
known as insulated neighborhoods, within the 3D structure of genomes. A prominent feature …

Chromatin domain boundaries delimited by CTCF motifs can restrict the range of enhancer
action. However, disruption of domain structure often results in mild gene dysregulation and …

3D genomics methods such as Hi-C and Micro-C have uncovered chromatin loops across
the genome and linked these loops to gene regulation. However, these methods only …

Enhancers in the mammalian genome are able to control their target genes over very large
genomic distances, often across intervening genes. Yet the spatial and temporal specificity …

Different cell types and their associated functionalities emerge from a single genomic
sequence when certain regions are expressed while others remain silenced. Modeling gene …

Transcriptional enhancers can regulate individual or multiple genes through long-range
three-dimensional (3D) genome interactions, and these interactions are commonly altered in …