Abstract Background Radix Bupleuri (RB) has been widely used in Chinese Traditional
Medicine for over 2000 years and is currently marketed in China as Chai-Hu-Shu-Gan …

Stellate cells are resident lipid-storing cells of the pancreas and liver that transdifferentiate to
a myofibroblastic state in the context of tissue injury. Beyond having roles in tissue …

The role of hepatic cell senescence in human non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and
non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is not well understood. To examine this, we performed …

The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad3 signaling pathway is considered a central
mediator of pathological organ fibrosis; however, contribution of Smad2/3-independent TGF …

Purple sweet potato is one of the main food crops in the tropical and subtropical areas.
Purple sweet potato is abundant in anthocyanins, starches, non-starch polysaccharides …

Metabolic stress causes activation of the cJun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signal
transduction pathway. It is established that one consequence of JNK activation is the …

Fibrosis is presented in various physiologic and pathologic conditions of the salivary gland.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of …

Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a process of cellular transdifferentiation in which,
upon liver injury, the quiescent vitamin A storing perisinusoidal HSC is converted into a …

Adult tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show tremendous promise for a wide
array of therapeutic applications predominantly through paracrine activity. Recent reports …

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) belong to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β)
family. Initially identified due to their ability to induce bone formation, they are now known to …