The major current conventional types of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treatments include
surgery, radiation, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Introducing …

Hypoxia is a major hallmark of the tumor microenvironment that is strictly associated with
rapid cancer progression and induction of metastasis. Hypoxia inhibits disulfide bond …

Cancer immune evasion is a major stumbling block in designing effective anticancer
therapeutic strategies. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding …

Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related mortality. Although the actual process of
metastasis remains largely elusive, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been …

The concept that the pattern of metastatic spread of cancer is not random and that cancer
cells exhibit preferences when metastasizing to organs, dates back to 1889 when Steven …

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step in transdifferentiation process in solid
cancer development. Forthcoming evidence suggest that the stratified program transforms …

Phenotypic heterogeneity of cancer cells, cell biological context, heterotypic crosstalk and
the microenvironment are key determinants of the multistep process of tumor development …

Improved treatment of breast cancer, the world's second most common cancer, requires
identification of new sensitive prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Exosomes are lipid …

Breast cancer metastasis accounts for the majority of deaths from breast cancer. Detection of
breast cancer metastasis at the earliest stage is important for the management and …

Breast cancer affects approximately 12% women worldwide and results in 14% of all cancer-
related fatalities. Breast cancer is commonly categorized into one of four main subtypes …