Renal disease is becoming an increasingly prevalent entity in human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)—infected patients; it occurs in a variety of clinical settings and is associated with …

The classic kidney disease of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, HIV-associated
nephropathy, is characterized by progressive acute renal failure, often accompanied by …

It is important to realize that guidelines cannot always account for individual variation among
patients. They are not intended to supplant physician judgment with respect to particular …

The diagnosis of the amyloid type ultimately depends on the examination of the amyloid
protein within the deposits. The role of immunohistochemistry–the current standard of care in …

Background. The effect of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the clinical course of patients with
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is not well …

Aims: This study aims to explore the spectrum of renal disease in HIV-infected patients,
identify clinical predictors of HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN), and investigate the …

Background: HIV-infected African-Americans are at increased risk of end-stage renal
disease requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT). Objectives: To compare the incidence of …

Background. Treatment and co-morbidities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected
individuals have changed dramatically in the last 20 years with a potential impact on renal …

Background and objective: Severe edema in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) may be
associated with volume contraction (VC) or volume expansion (VE). Usually, severe edema …

With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy, we have witnessed prolonged
survival with the potential for normal life expectancy in HIV-infected individuals. With …