Phenotypic traits are products of two processes: evolution and development. But how do
these processes combine to produce integrated phenotypes? Comparative studies identify …

Human brains are exceptionally large, support distinctive cognitive processes, and evolved
by natural selection to mediate adaptive behavior. Comparative biology situates the human …

The allometric relationship between brain and body size among vertebrates is often
considered a manifestation of evolutionary constraints. However, birds and mammals have …

Abstract© Comparative Cognition Society. Despite prolonged interest in comparing brain
size and behavioral proxies of" intelligence" across taxa, the adaptive and cognitive …

There is remarkable diversity in brain anatomy among vertebrates and evidence is
accumulating that predatory interactions are crucially important for this diversity. To test this …

The relationship between the size and structure of a species' brain and its cognitive capacity
has long interested scientists. Generally, this work relates interspecific variation in brain …

The mosaic brain evolution hypothesis, stating that brain regions can evolve relatively
independently during cognitive evolution, is an important idea to understand how brains …

Variation in spatial complexity and foraging requirements between habitats can impose
different cognitive demands on animals that may influence brain size. However, the …

Neural circuits govern the interface between the external environment, internal cues and
outwardly directed behaviours. To process multiple environmental stimuli and integrate …

Complex evolutionary dynamics have produced extensive variation in brain anatomy in the
animal world. In guppies, Poecilia reticulata, brain size and anatomy have been extensively …